We discussed confidence intervals for population proportions and hypothesis testing for population proportions (Chapters 18 and 19).

The final exam is on Thursday, 4 May 2006 from 8:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. I will be available starting at 7:00 p.m. The cumulative final exam will consist of 30 questions:

• 15 multiple guess questions;
• 10 'short answer' questions;
• 5 questions with multiple parts.

As you prepare for the final exam, if you have any questions, please do not hesitate to email me.

If you do not know how to use MS Excel to graph data, then you may want to try the following:

• stemplots: http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/activities/stemleaf/index.html;
• histograms: http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/activities/histogram/;
• bar graphs: http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/activities/bargraph/index.html;
• scatterplots: http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/activities/scatterplot/index.html;
• boxplots: http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/activities/boxplot/index.html;

Remember to use only valid statistical graphs (i.e., NO piecharts, 3-dimensional graphs, etc.).

Test IV.

The final project is due on Monday. It will consist of the following:

• final version of survey instrument;
• All completed surveys;
• discussion of the population and on how you will randomly sample individuals (and how many) from population;
• Analysis of results which include:
  • five graphs of your data;
  • descriptions of your graphs (see the appropriate chapters of your textbook to refresh your memory on how you describe graphs).
• written discussion of each partner’s responsibilities (to be submitted separately from project).

Test IV is on Wednesday. It will cover Chapters 13, 14, 15, 16 and the concepts that we discussed from Chapter 17.

Today, we covered several more examples of using the t-procedures (Chapter 16) and starting discussing two-sample procedures (Chapter 17).

We practiced a few more questions from Chapters 14 and 15. We started and finished most of Chapter 16. We will discuss two more questions from Chapter 16 on Monday and will cover Chapter 17.

Test 4 will be on Wednesday, 26 April 2006. It will cover Chapters 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17.

The last two parts of project 2 are due on Monday, 1 May. Remember that you can submit your project early to receive feedback.

We discussed many problems from the textbook that covered confidence intervals and hypothesis testing. The quiz on Wednesday will cover finding the size of sample for a desired margin of error - see the equation at the booton of p. 331 of your textbook.

The data in spreadsheet form is due on Wednesday. You can submit the data by email or copy the data onto a PC-formatted diskette.

Test 4 (originally scheduled for 19 April) has been postponed.

We discussed most of the details from Chapters 13, 14 and 15. We will practice many problems on Monday. You are responsible to read and understand the following from the textbook:

• Cautions about the z-procedures: pp. 367 - 368;
• Cautions about confidence intervals: p. 369;
• Cautions about significance tests: pp. 370 - 374.

You are NOT responsible to know about the power of a hypothesis test.

The next optional homework, due on Wednesday, includes the following:

• Chapter 13: # 13.15 – 13.20, 13.22, 13.23, 13.25, 13.26, 13.29;
• Chapter 14: # 14.26 – 14.29, 14.33 – 14.37, 14.39, 14.41, 14.45, 14.46;
• Chapter 15: # 15.16, 15.18ab, 15.19, 15.21, 15.24, 15.25, 15.27, 15.28, 15.29.

The University System of Georgia is conducting an online survey of students’ uses, experiences, and expectations regarding technology. Your response will help GPC plan for the future. The online survey should take approximately 15 minutes or less to complete. You will be receiving a genmail to your GPC e-mail address with a direct link to the survey site. You may also find the link on the GPC website, on the Current Students page, under Announcements. Finally, there will be posters in all GPC computer labs with the URL to the survey site. Please take this opportunity to express your opinions on this important issue. The survey will conclude on the last day of classes.

All groups are permitted to start conducting their surveys. While conducting the surveys please keep in mind the following:

1. you are not required to survey off-campus, but you need permission of the owner of the property prior to conducting the survey; you do NOT need permission to conduct your survey at GPC;
2. when you ask the owner of the proprty for permission, explain who you are, the reason for taking the survey, that you only want 30 people to take the survey and show the survey. If they decline permission, then thank them for their time and choose another location to conduct your survey.
3. if you are collecting surveys off-campus, make sure there are at least two of you conducting the survey at the same time (for safety - it's always best to be overcautious);
4. when asking an individual to complete the survey, explain who you are (i.e., "a student from GPC who is conducting a survey for your statistics class...");
5. you thank the people who take the survey;
6. you are polite and thank the people who decline to take the survey;
7. you count the number of people who decline the survey;
8. if you are using a systematic random sample (e.g., sampling every third person) do NOT count by pointing a finger at the individuals;
9. make sure that you have enough pencils - you may have several people taking the survey at the same time;
10. you do NOT count individuals under 18 - they are not part of your population;
11. have a method to decide when two or more people arrive at the same time how to choose who to ask to complete the survey;
12. you politely decline anyone else who asks to take the survey explaining that you need to make sure that you sample in a particular manner (or some other statement that you think is appropriate);
13. you keep all completed surveys to submit with final report.

Part IV (i.e., data in electronic form) is DUE on Wednesday, 19 April.

In the analysis of the data, you will need to construct at least five graphs of your data.

We discussed started a discussion of confidence intervals and discussed hypothesis testing in more detail. We'll have more detailed discussion of these ideas as well as more practice problems.

We discussed two examples of hypothesis testing. We will continue to explore the details in the following classes.

I returned Test 3. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact me.

Part II of the project is due on Monday. You may submit your project early for additional feedback.

The librarians would like students to participate in a library survey (located at: http://osiris.gpc.edu/classclimate/indexstud.php). Surveys can be completed online here or at home, but you will need a password that can be obtained from one of the librarians.

Test 3

There is a quiz on Wednesday.

Part II of the project is DUE on Monday, 10 April 2006. Please attach the original draft of your survey. You are NOT permitted to survey anyone until I give you permission.

We finished discussing binomial probability (Chapter 12).

The next optional homework is due on Monday and consists of the following:

• Chapter 11: # 11.19 – 11.21, 11.23, 11.27 – 11.31, 11.33, 11.39;
• Chapter 12: # 12.15, 12.17, 12.18, 12.20a, 12.21a.

Test III is on Monday 3 April 2006. It will cover Chapters 9, 10, 11 and 12. As you prepare for the test, please email me if you have any questions.

NOTE: Part III of Project 2 is due on Monday, 3 April. The due date for Part II will be determined at a later date.

We discussed binomial probabilities (Chapter 12). You should be able to:

• identify a binomial setting and;
• be able to use the TI-83/84 to calculate the binomial probability (see http://gpc.edu/%7Ejweber/math1431/ti83binProb.htm).

Also, I will allow 30 minutes on Wednesday to discuss any questions you may have about Chapters 9-12 as a review for the test on Monday.

Reminder: The first part of the project is due on Wednesday.

The class overwhelmingly voted to move Test III to Monday, 3 April. This test will still only cover Chapters 9, 10, 11 and 12.

We covered several probability examples from Chapter 11. The next optional homework due on Monday consists of the following:

• Chapter 11: #11.19 – 11.21, 11.23, 11.27 – 11.31, 11.33, 11.39.

We discussed some examples from Chapters 9, 10 and 11. We will finish Chapters 11 and 12 on Wednesday.

Here are some important ideas that are commonly missed by students:

• You need to be able to determine when a question is describing a population distribution vs. a sampling distribution: When an individual observation is identified, then the population distribution is used; when a sample is identified, then the sampling distribution must be used.
• You need to remember the CLT and what this theorem states about the mean and standard deviation of a sampling distribution.
• You need to be able to use the 68-95-99.7 rule with a population distribution AND with a sampling distribution. We covered this concept back in Chapter 3.
• You need to be able to use the NDAREA program with a population distribution AND with a sampling distribution. We covered this concept back in Chapter 3.
• You need to be able to use inverse normal calculations on your TI-83/84 (see http://gpc.edu/%7Ejweber/math1431/ti83invNorm.htm for instructions) with a population distribution AND with a sampling distribution. We covered this concept back in Chapter 3.

NOTE: the deadline for the first part of the second project has been changed to Wednesday, 29 March.

We discussed the answers to questions 9.28, 9.34, 9.36, 9.43, 10.19 and 10.22. The next optional assignment is due on Monday and consists of the following:

• Chapter 9: 9.37 – 9.40, 9.47;
• Chapter 10: 10.18, 10.21, 10.24.

Test III is on Monday, 27 March. It will cover Chapters 9, 10, 11 and 12.

We discussed three different reports that included statistics from the last week. We also discussed sampling distributions and the Central Limit Theorem in more detail. The proof of the Central Limit Theorem is provided at: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CentralLimitTheorem.html. We showed that distributions are approx. N(μ, σ/sqrt(n)). Finally, we showed how to count the number of subsets (i.e., samples, combinations) of a given size, k, from a given population of size n (i.e., n choose k – see http://gpc.edu/%7Ejweber/math1431/ti83nCr.htm for TI83/84 instructions).

There is a quiz on Wednesday.

The next optional assignment due on Wednesday consists of the following questions:

• Chapter 10: #10.17, 10.20, 10.23, 10.26a, 10.28ab.

Project 2 has been posted (see http://gpc.edu/~jweber/math1431/Sp06Math1431Project2.doc). There are various parts to the projects each with their own due date. This project is to be done in pairs.

We constructed two sampling distributions (one with sample size 3 and one with sample size 7) from a given population. We qualitatively discussed Sampling Distributions and the Central Limit Theorem. I emphasized that these are extremely important concepts. We expanded the discussion to different types of population distributions using the java applet at: http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~lane/stat_sim/sampling_dist/. We will discuss these ideas more when we return from Spring Break.

I returned test 2 at the end of class. Remember that most students had difficulties with question 8, so your grade is the maximum of the following:

• grade including question 8 (better for those who did well on question 8);
• grade from all questions except question 8 and divide this by 90 to obtain your curved score (better for those who did not do well on question 8).

There is NO quiz on Monday, 13 March and the next optional homework will be due on Wednesday, 15 March. The questions for this assignment will be given on Monday, 13 March.

I hope you have a relaxing break.

Test II.

There is a quiz on Wednesday, 1 March.

Important!: The first project is due on Wedensday, 1 March. The project is due at the beginning of class. The project may be submitted late with a 20% penalty.

We covered most of Chapter 9. We will finish Chapter 9 on Wedensday, 1 March. The next optional homework is due on Monday and consists of:

• Chapter 9: # 9.26 – 9.35, 9.44 – 9.46, 9.48.

Test 2 is on Monday, 27 February and will cover Chapters 4 through 8 (EXCEPT Chapter 6) AND the concepts that we covered in class from Chapter 9.

We finished covering the concepts from Chapters 7 and 8. We briefly started Chapter 9.

Test 2 is on Monday, 27 February and will cover Chapters 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10.

On Wednesday, 24 February I will NOT be available for office hours from 8:15 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. I am sorry for any inconvenience.

We discussed Experiments as a method of producing data (Chapter 8) while constructing and conducting our own experiment. We still need to cover a few details from each chapter - we'll cover these on Monday.

The next optional homework assignment (due Monday) consists of the following:

• Chapter 7: # 7.16 - 7.26, 7.28, 7.31, 7.32, 7.34 - 7.41;
• Chapter 8: # 8.16 - 8.21, 8.23 - 8.26, 8.29.
• note: do NOT use Table B even when the textbook tells you - use your calculator.
• Make sure that you provide 'work' (i.e., a short description of the function) when using the calculator to randomly select your sample.

We discussed sampling and the purpose of sampling (Chapter 7) in more detail. We practiced three types of sampling and discussed some of the advantages and disadvantages of each type:

1. Simple random sampling;
2. Stratified random sampling:
3. Systematic random sampling.

There are a few more details we need to discuss from Chapter 7. We will discuss them on Wednesday. Even so, Wednesday's class will concentrate on experiments (Chapter 8).

We finished the discussion of Chapters 4 and 5 and we started the discussion of Chapter 7.

The fourth optional assignment is due on Monday and consists of:

• Chapter 4: # 4.13b, 4.15c, 4.17, 4.19, 4.22, 4.26b;
• Chapter 5: # 5.16, 5.26, 5.28, 5.31, 5.34.

I returned Test 1. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact me. Remember that I will drop the lowest test score when determining your final grade.

NOTE: You may submit your project early (as many times as needed) for feedback so that you can improve the project.

Test 1.

The graded tests will be returned on Wednesday, 8 February at the END of class.

There is a quiz on Wednesday. It will cover the concepts from Chapters 4 and 5 that we discussed previously in class.

I have added links to more previous stats tests (see: http://gpc.edu/~jweber/math1431/TESTS/math1431Tests.htm) and I have posted the first project (http://gpc.edu/~jweber/math1431/Sp06math1431project1.doc).

Test 1 is on Monday, 6 February. The test will cover Chapters 1, 2, 3 and the concepts from Chapters 4 and 5 that were discussed in class. There are several things to keep in mind:

• Bring your calculators - GPC policy does NOT allow you to share calculators during a test.
• You may start the test early - I will be giving a test to my calc II students in room 1420 starting at 4:00 p.m.
• If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to email me.
• I will supply graph paper for the test.

We covered most of chapters 4 and 5. We will discuss more from these two chapters on Wednesday, 8 February.

The third optional assignment is due on Monday, 6 February. The following questions are the ones that you need to submit:

• Chapter 4: 4.12, 4.13ac, 4.14, 4.15ab, 4.21, 4.27, 4.28, 4.30;
• Chapter 5: 5.15, 5.17, 5.19, 5.21, 5.25, 5.27, 5.32, 5.33, 5.36;
• note: reading the chapters typically help in answering homework questions; you may also want to look over the chapter notes posted on the web;

We finished Chapter 3. You should now be able to perform all the questions for the optional second homework assignment due on Wednesday:

1. Chapter 3: 3.14-3.17, 3.18^*, 3.20-3.28.
   ^* use the NDAREA program to help you sketch the curve and areas.

• If the questions tells you to use the 68-95-99.7 rule, then you MUST use that rule to receive credit;
• For all other questions (or to check your answers), use your calculator and NOT the table in the back of your book.

We will discuss Chapters 4 and 5 on Wednesday. You will need to bring graph paper to class.

Test 1 is on Monday, 6 February. It will cover all of Chapters 1, 2 and 3 and what we cover from Chapters 4 and 5 on Wednesday.

We discussed the Normal Distribution, including:

• Since the shape of a histogram can be changed by changing class width, to determine if data is normally-distributed we will use the NRMHST program (http://gpc.edu/%7Ejweber/math1431/ti83normHist.htm) on the TI-83/84;
• how to find mean and standard deviation on a Normal Distribution;
• how to use the 68-95-99.7 rule to find the percentage (or probability or area) under the normal curve;
• how to use the NDAREA program (http://gpc.edu/%7Ejweber/math1431/ti83norm.htm) on the TI-83/84 to find the percentage (or probability or area) under the curve.

On Monday, we will discuss several more examples of finding the area under the normal curve; the standard normal curve; and using (and the why and when to use) the inverse normal function (http://gpc.edu/%7Ejweber/math1431/ti83invNorm.htm) on the calculator. Lastly, we will start discussing scatterplots, so you will need to bring in graph paper (see http://www.mathematicshelpcentral.com/graph_paper/files/Form5A-BW.pdf).

The second optional homework assgnment is due on Wednesday and will consist of the following questions:

1. Chapter 3: 3.14, 3.15-3.17^*, 3.18-19^**, 3.20-3.23^*, 3.24ab^*, 3.24c^**, 3.25^*, 3.26^**, 3.27, 3.28^**.
2. ^* You should be able to answer these questions; even so, we will cover more examples on Monday. Remember, if the questions tells you to use the 68-95-99.7 rule, then you MUST use that rule to receive credit;
3. ^** You may not be able to answer these questions until after Monday's class. If you read the textbook or read my notes (see http://gpc.edu/~jweber/math1431/chapt03notes.xml), then you may be able to attempt these questions.

My office hours for the semester will be:

• MW: 4:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. in Room RB–1420; 8:15 p.m. - 9:00 p.m. in Room RA-1260.
• Others hours by appointment.

We discussed preliminary data analysis of distributions of data. We did not discuss timeplots in Chapter 1 - we will cover these in Chapter 4. The only concept we still need to discuss in class from Chapters 1 & 2 are bar graphs.

The first optional homework assignment is due on Wednesday, 25 January 2006. If you do not intend to submit the assignment, then you should still be familiar with all the concepts and wording of the homework questions. If you intend to submit the assignment, then you need only to do the following (you should still be familiar with all the concepts and wording of all homework questions):

• Chapter 1: #1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17abc, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.25, 1.26.
• Chapter 2: #2.11, 2.12, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.16, 2.17, 2.18, 2.19, 2.20, 2.23, 2.24, 2.29, 2.30, 2.31, 2.32.

Again, I encourage you to work together to help each other with the homework questions; however, you are expected to submit your own work. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact me.

We will start chapter 3 on Wednesday.

On Tuesday, January 24, 2006, from 9:30 a.m. - 12:30 p.m., the Dunwoody Campus will host the 2006 PROBE fair in the Student Center. PROBE is a college/university transfer fair designed to provide transfer information to two-year college students interested in continuing their education. Representatives from over 30 four-year colleges and universities will be present to disseminate information about their institutions; such as tuition costs, course offerings, programs of study, transfer information, scholarships, campus life, and much more!

We discussed in more detail the measures of center and spread. In particular, we discussed resistant (a measure that is sensitive to the influence of extreme observations) vs. non-resistant measures (a measure that is NOT sensitive to the influence of extreme observations) of center and spread. This discussion is important for two reasons:

1. you need to be able to recognize the difference between resistant and non-resistant measures so that...;
2. you can identify and use the appropriate measure for a given set of data.

The first optional homework assignment is due on Wednesday, 25 January 2006. So far, you should be able to complete the following:

• Chapter 1: #13, 14, 15, 17^*, 21, 23^*, 25; you can skip #11;
• Chapter 2: #11, 12^*, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 23^*, 25^*, 29^**, 30^**, 31^**, 32^**; you may skip #21.
• ^*NOTE: You can complete some parts of these questions.
• ^**NOTE: These questions are supposed to help you understand resistant vs. non-resistant measures.

I encourage you to work together to help each other with the homework questions; however, you are expected to submit your own work. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact me.

We will finish chapters 1 and 2 and start chapter 3 on Monday.

I posted the revised syllabus on the web: http://gpc.edu/~jweber/math1431/math1431Sp06Syl.htm. You are responsible to read the syllabus and to make sure that you understand all parts of the syllabus. Make sure that you are familiar with the changes that the class voted on during Wednesday's class (see the Course Evaluation section, the Assignments and Projects section and the Make-up Work section for the changes). If you have any questions or concerns, please don't hesitate to contact me.

We discussed the classification of types of data using various examples: categorical, discrete quantitative and continuous quantitative. We also discussed the two measures of center and four measures of spread of data. We still need to discuss how standard deviation is calculated. Also, we still need to discuss the appropriate uses for each of these measures. Lastly, we constructed a stemplot of data.

Let me emphasize that although I showed how to perform some of these concepts by hand, you will NOT be required to perform these calculations by hand on a test or quiz. Remember that we will use the calculator to perform most of the calculations for us. I showed how to perform the calculations by hand to assist you in understanding the concept.

Please bring in some graph paper to class on Wednesday. You can download a pdf file of graph paper from: http://www.mathematicshelpcentral.com/graph_paper/files/Form5A-BW.pdf.

There will be a quiz on Wednesday. It will cover ONLY the concepts that we discussed in class tonite.

We covered the syllabus (see http://gpc.edu/~jweber/math1431/math1431Sp06Syl.htm) for the course. On Wedensday, I will provide a few options regarding homework. You are responsible to be completely familiar with the details of the syllabus. I also showed the various items that are included in (and discussed items that will be added to) the class website (see http://gpc.edu/~jweber/math1431/math1431.htm).

Lastly, you should read Chapter 1 prior to Wednesday's class.

The 2rss.com website (http://www.2rss.com/readers.php) has a list of RSS aggregators so that you can read the course RSS feed without loading this webpage. However, you will always be able to read the RSS feed through this webpage.